Melanoma Unit

Specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, the unit focuses on the most aggressive and complex form of skin cancer, whose management requires precise evaluation and treatment tailored to each patient.

The unit’s approach is based on personalized medicine, taking into account the molecular and genetic characteristics of the tumor to select the most appropriate therapeutic strategies for each case.

The unit is staffed by specialists from the Barcelona Oncology Institute (IOB) with extensive experience in the management of melanoma, including advanced disease and cases at high risk of progression. This model enables comprehensive patient care in close coordination with the various specialties involved in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Medical Team

Dr. Jesús Soberino (Medical Oncologist)

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of melanoma begins with the clinical assessment of suspicious skin lesions, typically performed by dermatology specialists.

When malignancy is suspected, a biopsy of the lesion is performed for pathological analysis.

The main diagnostic procedures include:

Diagnostic Confirmation

• Biopsy with histopathological examination

Disease Staging and Assessment

• Imaging studies when clinically indicated
• Comprehensive laboratory testing

Molecular Analysis

• Assessment of biomarkers and genetic alterations of the tumor in selected cases

Together, these investigations allow specialists to confirm the diagnosis, determine the stage of the disease, and define the most appropriate therapeutic strategy.

In selected cases, the diagnostic process may be supported by optimized clinical pathways that enable a definitive diagnosis within approximately 48–72 hours of the initial consultation for suspected melanoma.

Treatments

The treatment of melanoma is based on an individualized approach that considers the stage of the disease, the characteristics of the tumor, and the presence of specific molecular alterations.

The main treatment options include:

• Surgery, which is the initial treatment in most cases
• Radiation therapy in selected situations
• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy
• Targeted therapies directed against specific genetic alterations of the tumor

In early-stage disease, treatment usually begins with surgical excision of the lesion and may be complemented by evaluation of the regional lymph nodes.

Depending on the extent of the disease and the results of molecular testing, treatment may include systemic therapies such as immunotherapy or targeted therapies directed at specific mutations (such as BRAF gene alterations), allowing for a more personalized treatment approach.

For patients with advanced disease, different therapeutic strategies are considered with the aim of controlling the disease and improving survival outcomes, while adapting treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient.

Research and Clinical Trials

The unit’s specialists actively participate in national and international clinical trials in the field of melanoma, serving as investigators in studies focused on the development of new therapeutic strategies.

When appropriate, patients may be evaluated for inclusion in active clinical trials at other institutions, facilitating access to innovative treatments and emerging therapeutic options.

Approach and Services

• Coordinated melanoma care in collaboration with the different specialties involved in diagnosis and treatment
• Personalized medicine based on the biological characteristics of the tumor
• Comprehensive patient assessment
• Support and guidance throughout the entire care journey
• Clinical follow-up focused on the early detection of potential recurrence